Analiza možnosti uporabe tehnologije črtne kode in tehnologije RFID v logistiki

With the continuous progress of Internet technology, e-commerce has ushered in a golden period of development, especially the continuation of the new crown epidemic to stimulate people’s enthusiasm for online shopping further. In this case, the logistics industry has also ushered in further development, and how to achieve efficient and accurate goods sorting and sending has become particularly critical. And bar code technology and radio frequency identification (RFID) technology for the further development of the logistics industry to provide new conditions. It is undeniable that China’s logistics enterprises still have certain problems in the construction of logistics platforms, which makes the role of barcode technology and RFID technology limited. The article will be on the two technology features and application methods to elaborate on the logistics industry problems, hoping that the bar code technology and RFID technology in the application of logistics to provide more help and support.

Since the first computer’s birth date, Internet technology has appeared. And with the progress of the hardware manufacturing level and the continuous change of communication methods, society has successfully entered the era of big data, Internet information technology is playing an important role in people’s lives. Through a large number of applications in the logistics industry to barcode technology and radio frequency identification (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID) technology as a representative of information and communication technology, the logistics industry ushered in a new change. Through the use of a large number of advanced technologies to make the logistics and warehousing industry, the degree of intelligence has been comprehensively improved, and further safeguard the accuracy of the goods sorting for the development of the logistics industry to provide great support; the following will be a comprehensive analysis of the application of bar code technology and RFID technology in the logistics industry.

1. Overview of the problems faced by China’s warehousing and logistics industry

Despite the rapid development of China’s e-commerce industry, but still cannot hide the development of the logistics industry. So far, many companies in warehouse management still take manual records of the way to complete the storage and distribution of goods, this way it is easy because of the larger total amount of information and cannot realize the rapid identification of goods and shipment and other issues, and even the actual situation of logistics and warehouse management is chaotic. For example: in the distribution of goods, due to many logistics, original order address information is filled in manually. And in the manual filling is easy to appear in the wrong handwriting, so the logistics distribution efficiency cannot be guaranteed. In addition, the unreasonable storage of goods is likely to lead to problems with the removal of goods, which will not only lead to inventory counting being difficult to carry on, and may even lead to the wrong distribution of goods. Make the enterprise unnecessary cost loss. Overall, the logistics industry itself has a big problem; many logistics companies do not have a perfect goods management system, resulting in a serious decline in management efficiency and even causing unnecessary cost loss, which needs to be seriously solved by each logistics enterprise.

2. Barcode technology concepts and characteristics of analysis

2.1 The concept of barcode technology

The technology and modern information technology are closely related, especially with the continuous expansion of e-commerce scale; it is used in large quantities to realize the logistics transportation of goods. From the technical form, the bar code is a kind of identification technology, just like the human identity card. Barcode technology is the name of several technologies fused, which involves a symbol of coding, data recording, information storage, and other forms of technology, and by scanning the bar code, you can get the specific information you want. Its type and the real demand have a close correlation, the number of types is relatively large.

2.2 Characteristics of barcode technology

2.2.1 High flexibility

Barcode technology has its own characteristics, only need the corresponding scanning equipment to complete the information acquisition, operation is relatively simple. Especially for logistics management, only need to complete the barcode printing on the packaging can be related information transmitted to the logistics management system, which will further reduce the difficulty of management, coupled with the relatively large variety of barcode printing equipment, according to the actual needs to complete the operation. Therefore, the higher flexibility also makes it gain the favor of many logistics enterprises.

2.2.2 High accuracy of information

The main way of traditional information entry is done by manual input. Although in recent years the character recognition technology has made great progress, but still has great shortcomings. The bar code as a person’s ID card, has a more obvious uniqueness, which makes the information accuracy has been a greater guarantee. Therefore, the use of bar code technology will ensure the accuracy of the information, which will further reduce unnecessary logistics losses will bring greater help, reliability is very high.

2.2.3 Simple operation

In this technology, the way to carry information is barcode. And barcode production is not rely on highly sophisticated technology, a lot of equipment can realize the barcode production. From this point of view, the operation difficulty is not particularly high, and the production cost will be effectively controlled.

3. Analysis of the application of barcode technology in logistics management

3.1 Application analysis of barcode technology in logistics management of material classification

The main role in this field is to realize the classification of raw materials. As far as the practical application is concerned, the main thing is to set up the bar code partition according to different types of raw materials, to further improve the accuracy of raw material management, making the product manufacturing become more simple. At the same time, it is also convenient for managers to carry out accurate statistics on the consumption of materials to further improve the science and effectiveness of management. Overall, the application in this field can further change the situation of chaotic enterprise management, and further improve the efficiency of business organization.

3.2 Application analysis of barcode technology in logistics management of warehouse storage and transportation of goods

At present, in the logistics and warehousing industry, a lot of inventory work and in and out of the goods bill checking is done manually, the probability of error is still relatively high. Especially when the number of goods is higher, the human workload is still relatively high, it is easy to not be able to withstand the high intensity of work and lead to major errors, so that the daily operation of the enterprise organization has been greatly affected.
And through the application of bar code technology, it can prompt the relevant staff better, faster, more accurate inventory, records, in and out of the warehouse goods work, so not only can greatly save time, more conducive to improving the storage and transportation efficiency. In particular, it can realize the timely traceability of goods, from the beginning of the use of raw materials to the final logistics and transportation can be traced, which will bring great help to further improve the economic efficiency of enterprises. Therefore, this link in the bar code application technology time is relatively early. Through the application of bar code technology can not only do accurate judgment of new products in and out of the warehouse, but also can be accurate statistics of the inventory situation, to facilitate timely adjustment of the production plan. Therefore, the application of bar code technology for many enterprises is a very important way of technology application. On the one hand, it can realize the continuous improvement of organizational management efficiency, and on the other hand, it is conducive to the timely tracking of goods in logistics. Overall, bar code technology for the logistics industry is essential to further realize the tracking and positioning of goods, which will have a positive impact on the management of goods transportation.

4. RFID technology

4.1 Structure and working principle of RFID technology

RFID technology system usually consists of RF tags, readers, antennas, which are composed of three parts.

4.1.1 RF tag

RF tag consists of coupling elements and chips, each tag has a unique electronic code, and then one-to-one correspondence to identify the target object, each tag has its own unique UID, which can not be modified, and its development of the Internet of Things has a significant role.

4.1.2 Reader

This reader is called a “reader” and is a reader that reads, reads and writes tags in a variety of durable and robust forms. After recognizing the signature, the collected data can usually be transmitted to the original system that translates the information.

4.1.3 Antenna

The antenna that sends radio signals between the identification and the observer is a bridge connecting the antenna and the receiver, and the signals will be transmitted to the room through the antenna, thus receiving electromagnetic energy.

4.2 Advantages of RFID

First, barcode technology in the past application process often rely on manual reading. And under this technology system, the staff only need to use handheld scanning equipment to scan the relevant labels, and can read a large amount of information in the label, thus further improving management efficiency. Second, the bar code itself does not have a strong resistance to damage, it is easy to fade under the continuous changes in the environment and a series of problems, and poor flexibility also makes it very easy to be destroyed. Third, the technology can also be applied in the long distance range, reading results are relatively high. Even if the tag is covered by dust, paint and other opaque objects will not have a greater impact on the final reading results, these fully demonstrates that the technology has a strong environmental adaptability. Therefore, the technology can be skillfully used in a large number of environments, only need to have strengthened information technology, can make the accuracy of inventory information is guaranteed, and further improve the logistics industry storage and transportation capacity. Fourthly, the storage capacity of barcode technology itself is relatively small. And this kind of technology can be embedded in the internal storage equipment, which has a strong information storage space. In addition, the uniqueness of the barcode itself is relatively strengthened, if there is an error, it will not be able to be modified, while the technology can be adjusted according to the actual situation, which makes the logistics management become more simple. Fifth, the bar code reading time is relatively long, this is because the bar code technology in the process of reading information often need to carry out environmental scanning, and in the scanning process often need a longer period of time to recognize the information. This is for more kinds of materials for warehousing and distribution centers, means that human resources costs continue to rise, and the resulting time loss makes the enterprise operating costs continue to increase. Sixth, barcodes are relatively simple to imitate. And the technology because the internal chip settings, to imitate will become extremely difficult, especially the packing list using the technology for processing, only the use of the reader can be correctly resolved on the content, which makes the confidentiality and security has been further safeguarded, the development of the logistics industry has played an extremely important help.

4.3 RFID technology in the logistics warehousing system application strategy research

4.3.1 Card issuance labeling management

In the actual application of the technology, electronic labeling is an essential part of the process. As far as the electronic label design is concerned, it is the unique identification of the type of goods. When utilizing the electronic label setting, it can be set according to one’s actual needs including the name of the item, the storage location and other information, and realize the record of the flow of information through electronic information technology. And in order to make it play a greater role in the transportation of goods, often by scanning the RFID card to obtain information. From this point of view, in the labeling settings, it is entirely possible through a variety of data types co-exist in the way of commodity goods information for detailed entry, thus laying the foundation for the progress of logistics and warehousing management, is conducive to further improve the level of development of the logistics and warehousing industry.

4.3.2 Storage management

In the logistics application, the goods reasonable storage also will become especially important, through the electronic labeling of the accurate placement, can realize the goods information into the warehouse, so as to further improve the level of goods management. In addition, through this kind of technology can also correctly inquire the flow situation of the goods, thus further improve the speed of the goods into the warehouse, ensure the accuracy of the distribution of the goods. It is worth noting that more and more logistics companies are trying to build their own automated intelligent management warehouse to further reduce labor costs. To do a little must realize RFID technology skilled application, this is because the intelligent machine in the goods storage and take out, often through the scanning electronic label form to obtain the relevant information, so as to realize the intelligent management. Therefore, the production of electronic tags will become particularly critical. Whether someone’s logistics warehousing or highly intelligent logistics warehousing management system, the electronic label production level will directly determine the level of storage management.

4.3.3 Out of storage management

This work often needs to decide according to the actual sales situation, and according to the actual distribution status to see the storage warehouse goods search situation. When the goods are picked up by the customer, there should be a detailed understanding of the relevant information of such goods. Therefore, the combination of this technology and the exit gate, you can complete the acquisition of goods information, so as to update the warehouse goods storage information, so as to realize the customer to check the logistics information and the actual information to maintain consistency, so as to effectively avoid the error of manual records, so that the accuracy of the warehouse management of goods has been improved, which will bring a positive impact on the development of logistics enterprises.

4.3.4 Allocation and transfer management

In this section, the main application of RFID is through the installation of readers, accurate identification of tag information, and the transfer of assets in the storage system in a timely manner to update. And when the update is completed after the real-time display of goods transportation routes, which brings great help to improve the efficiency of goods management. Since the reader in various forms. Through the handheld reader can be incorrect position of the goods shifted to the correct position. In addition, because of the technology has a strong information communication ability, even if someone uses a smart phone to modify the cargo information, in the background of the system will be accurately recorded the time of modification, which will bring great help to the storage of goods checking and security management. Overall, in the process of cargo transfer, the use of RFID can reflect the timely transportation of goods, to avoid huge errors in the transfer process, thus further improving the level of cargo storage, and effectively guarantee the safety of cargo assets.

5. The basic conditions for the joint application of barcode technology and RFID

With the development of the times, any single technology can not bring help for the construction of the system, the same is true for the logistics industry. Whether it is bar code technology or RFID communication identification technology has its own advantages and disadvantages, to realize the intelligent logistics management system, it is necessary to carry out the joint application of these two technologies, which is also an important application of these two technologies prospects.

5.1 Promote the construction of public logistics information platform

Any system construction cannot be separated from the platform construction. To a certain extent, logistics management is information management, logistics public platform construction is an information public platform construction. In the process of information platform construction, to realize the information sharing between logistics enterprises and customers, it is necessary for the platform to have strong data sharing ability, integrate a large amount of data and information through the information transmission channel, and form the corresponding data and information chain, so as to achieve the combined flow of logistics resources and control, and to provide more convenient logistics and transportation services for the customers while reducing the logistics cost. In addition, the platform also needs to provide certain logistics information to many enterprises that do not have information technology operation by way of differentiated setting of privileges, and to obtain certain maintenance costs by way of registration of members to further improve the business coverage. It should be noted that the construction of public platforms often needs to span a large area, need to integrate different technical methods, need to have a strong openness, so as to serve the development of modern logistics. As for its function setting, it needs to have a series of technical functions such as cargo tracking, demand judgment, accurate delivery, etc., so as to improve the rationality of resource coordination.
In the composition of specific technical methods, barcode identification technology and radio frequency identification technology should be used as the main information collection method. Through the synchronous exchange of the two kinds of information, it can complete the collection, issuance, storage and other functions of the materials in a region, and it has a certain automated management basis so as to realize the tracking of the materials on the way and reasonable deployment. In addition, the system should also be connected to the product production and supply system, to realize the online monitoring of the number of products, to further improve the level of material management, so that the entire trajectory of the product logistics activities are clearly visible, so as to further improve the level of development of the logistics industry. Overall, the further development of big data technology provides extremely important conditions for the construction of public logistics system platform. On the one hand, the information collection and identification technology has gained a big breakthrough; on the other hand, in recent years, local governments have invested more energy in public infrastructure construction. All these make the platform construction easier and provide important help for the development of logistics industry.

5.2 Interaction Consistency of Barcode Information and RF Tag Information

It is worth noting that in the whole process of information system construction, it is necessary to realize the timely update of barcode data and video data, so as to keep the data information inside the database is accurate and effective. Under what conditions to take what kind of technology, logistics companies need to take according to the actual situation and for different types of goods to take a scientific and reasonable way of information collection, thus effectively reducing logistics operating costs, to ensure that the bar code database and video database data can be effectively articulated between the data to ensure that the data in the database and the reality of the warehousing situation is consistent. This is also an important condition for the realization of the joint application of the two, if there is no way to do the timely connection of data and accurate exchange, which means that the information in the logistics database and the reality of the information in the warehouse is inconsistent, and can not carry out the sorting of goods and accurate transportation, which leads to rising business costs. From this point of view, it is necessary to strengthen the introduction of talent, do a good job of platform information and data maintenance, so that the entire platform database to give full play to its role, and further improve the bar code information technology and radio frequency labeling technology application maturity, to lay the foundation for the stable development of the logistics industry.

6. Conclusion

With the continuous expansion of the scale of China’s e-commerce economy, coupled with the continuous outbreak of epidemics, it makes more and more people start to solve the daily necessities through the form of online shopping. In this case, the ability to provide accurate and efficient logistics and transportation services in a timely manner becomes particularly important. The traditional way of inventory management has no way to adapt to the modern logistics and transportation needs, and through the application of bar code technology and RFID technology, can further improve the logistics enterprises in the transportation of goods and warehousing into the warehouse and other aspects of operational efficiency, so that the flow of warehousing management has become more simple, so as to further improve the level of development of China’s logistics industry.
Author: Yang Wenke